Sustainable Development Goal 12 focuses on encouraging the sustainable use and production of goods and resources by 2030. This goal aims to reduce consumption driven crises such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution through sustainable management.1

 

BY 2030
  • Implement the 10-year sustainable consumption and production framework adopted in June 2012.
  • Encourage the sustainable management and use of natural resources.
  • Halve global per capita food waste at the retail and consumer levels, as well as reducing food losses along production and supply chains.
  • Ensure the responsible management of chemicals and waste in order to significantly reduce air, water, and soil pollution to mitigate their adverse impacts on human health and the environment.
  • Substantially reduce the generation of waste by means of prevention, reduction, recycling, and reuse.
  • Encourage companies to adopt sustainable practices and sustainability reporting, particularly large and transnational companies.
  • Inform and raise awareness on sustainable development and living.
  • Develop and implement tools to ensure sustainable tourism that creates jobs and emphasises local culture and goods.
  • Remove market distortions that encourage wasteful consumption, including restructuring taxation and phasing out harmful subsidies.2

 

Responsible consumption is essential in reducing the effects of what the United Nations refers to as the “triple planetary crises”; climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution.11 Industrialisation, increased population density and the outsourcing of material-intensive production to developing countries are key drivers in these crises and can all be tied to the irresponsible consumption that this Sustainable Development Goal is aiming to eradicate.

Increased reliance on natural resources due to heightened consumption and population growth intensifies the strain on vulnerable ecosystems, which impacts both human health and the economy.12 Natural resources are often finite resources and overconsumption can lead to negative environmental impacts such as deforestation, land degradation, water scarcity, and pollution. These impacts often disproportionately affect vulnerable communities dependent on natural resources for their livelihoods, exacerbating existing social and economic inequalities.

 

Ever changing fashion trends and the desire of the retail clothing industry to maintain profitability through the production of low quality and low-cost goods has had a detrimental impact on the environment. The fashion industry is responsible for 8 to 10 percent of all global emissions and requires a significant amount of raw materials to maintain production. Increased circularity and sustainability is necessary to achieve SDG 12.13
The swift escalation of electronic waste is also propelled by increased consumption, brief product life cycles, and limited repair options. Additionally, in countries with inadequate regulations, the informal sector often handles e-waste management in hazardous ways.14
The uneven enforcement of sustainable consumption and production policies between more and less developed countries amplifies the effects of industrialisation and the transfer of resource-intensive manufacturing processes to developing nations, which have experienced a significant, consistent increase in their global material footprints. In many of these countries, the negative consequences of production are felt intensely, while more developed countries reap the benefit.
However, over the past decade, developing countries have significantly increased their ability to produce electricity from renewable sources, rising from 109.7 watts per capita in 2011 to 245.7 watts per capita in 2020, surpassing the rate of population growth.15 Currently, renewables account for more than one-third (36.1%) of these countries' total electricity-generating capacity.16
The 10-year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns was adopted as the plan of action by Heads of State at the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development in June 2012.17 In 2022, a progress report was published outlining four key recommendations for SDG 12 going forward. The first recommendation is to take a holistic approach that understands sustainable consumption as a system which influences socio-economic, climate, biodiversity, pollution and waste outcomes. Solutions which take into account this integrated nature would be most efficient in furthering responsible consumption. The second is to ensure developing countries are supported in the transition toward sustainable consumption and production patterns, in order to create a movement that is truly global and inclusive. Thirdly, monitoring and reporting must be prioritised in an effort to inform need and identify trends. The last recommendation of the progress report on the 10-Year Framework of Programmes on Sustainable Consumption and Production Patterns is a recommitment by stakeholders to the implementation of the framework.18

The World After COVID-19

The global crisis of plastic pollution has been greatly exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, partially due to changes in waste production patterns. Massive vaccination efforts globally generated a significant number of single-use plastic syringes. Furthermore, the widespread use of single-use facemasks, frequently made of plastic, has created pressure on waste management systems. Notably, hospitals and healthcare facilities have experienced a substantial surge in clinical waste, including highly infectious waste, pathological waste, chemical waste, and general healthcare waste from patients and healthcare workers19.

 

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the agricultural industry, particularly with regards to the use of pesticides regulated by the Rotterdam Convention20 and global plant health and crop protection, leading to potential repercussions for global food security and safety. Disruption to the supply chain resulting in reduced availability of personal protective equipment, plant protection products, and shortages of labour were all ways in which chemical management and the agricultural sector were impacted by the pandemic.21

 

With the tourism industry recovering from its most significant crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, global stakeholders are advocating for increased availability, improved quality, and timely provision of data to facilitate the transition to a more sustainable tourism future..22 The adoption of tools to monitor sustainable development impacts is crucial for sustainable tourism
Green pandemic recovery strategies, such as Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP), have also demonstrated the ability to not only enhance economic output and employment opportunities but also yield long-term benefits for both the economy and overall well-being, surpassing conventional business-as-usual approaches to pandemic recovery. 23

 

26th Conference of the Parties

COP26, or the 26th Conference of the Parties, was the UN climate change conference held in Glasgow, Scotland from October 31 to November 12, 2022. As part of this conference, a special ecumenical service was held at Glasgow Cathedral joining together representatives of Christian churches from around the world and attended by The General of The Salvation Army General Brian Peddle and World President of Women’s Ministries, Commissioner Rosalie Peddle.24 Their participation in this service demonstrated their commitment to collaboration towards promoting responsible consumption and production, which is a key aspect of SDG 12.

 

 

Corporate Sustainability Practices

 

The Salvation Army believes that it is humanity's responsibility to manage the earth's resources to sustain the environment and improve the quality of human life. As a result, Salvation Army policies have been developed to promote good environmental practices and, in the United Kingdom, has chosen to be certified under IS014001, a set of international standards for environmental management, as a demonstration of the commitment to the environment.25 The Salvation Army is committed to minimising any negative environmental impact, aligning its work to the wider sustainability agenda, using ethically sourced goods wherever possible, measuring its environmental impacts, and reducing waste and increasing recycling.

Thrift Stores

 

Globally, Salvation Army thrift stores not only offer an affordable shopping alternative for individuals and families in need, but they also provide a sustainable option for those looking to dispose of their unwanted items. By accepting donations of gently used clothing, furniture, and household goods, the thrift stores prevent these items from being thrown away and ending up in landfills, where they contribute to environmental degradation.26 By promoting responsible consumption and production in this way, The Salvation Army thrift stores contribute to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 12 and help create a more sustainable future for all.

 

Solar Energy – Australia

 

A new partnership between Australian Gas Light Company and The Salvation Army in Australia will see the installation of solar energy systems at over 850 Salvation Army sites, aiding in the progress towards SDG 12. This collaboration aims to help The Salvation Army reduce operational costs and become more sustainable. The expected outcome of these solar installations is to generate approximately 23 gigawatt hours (GWh) of energy per year, which will be equivalent to reducing the annual greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 17,500 tonnes of CO2.27

 

Eco Churches

Brazzaville. (2023, April 2). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazzaville 

The Salvation Army in the United Kingdom & Ireland are a member of the Climate Coalition - dedicated to action on climate change & its impact. Over ten Salvation Army churches in the UK are committed to sustainable operation as “eco” churches. In the Forest of Dean, the Salvation Army church implemented the LOAF principles for food produced in church activities, which stands for Locally Produced, Organically Grown, Animal Friendly, and Fairly Traded. They expanded their efforts to promote seasonal eating and even helped families grow their own vegetables. Their “Our Hub” garden became a community vegetable garden with a greenhouse for community growing and supplies low-income families with seed starter kits. The church also owns animals and hosts seed swap events. Additionally, they started using eco-friendly cleaning products and toilet paper. 28

 

United Nations. (n.d.). Goal 12 | Department of Economic and Social Affairs. United Nations. Retrieved March 1, 2023, from https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal12
Goal 12: Responsible consumption and production. The Global Goals. (2022, March 15). Retrieved March 27, 2023, from https://www.globalgoals.org/goals/12-responsible-consumption-and-production/
Ibid.
Ibid.
Ibid.
Ibid.
7The total amount of materials directly used by an economy to meet the demands for goods and services from within and outside a country.
8United Nations. (2022, July). Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals – Report of the Secretary General. Sustainable Development Goals. Retrieved October 28, 2022, from https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/
9Ibid.
10Ibid.
11The Statistics Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2022). The Sustainable Development Goals Extended Report 2022 - SDG 12. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2022/extended-report/Extended-Report_Goal-12.pdf
12Ibid.
13Stallard, E. (2022, July 29). Fast fashion: How clothes are linked to climate change. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-60382624
14The Statistics Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2022). The Sustainable Development Goals Extended Report 2022 - SDG 12. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2022/extended-report/Extended-Report_Goal-12.pdf
15The Statistics Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2022). The Sustainable Development Goals Extended Report 2022 - SDG 12. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2022/extended-report/Extended-Report_Goal-12.pdf
16Ibid.
17Ibid.
18Ibid.
19Ibid.
20 “The Rotterdam Convention is a legally binding multilateral environmental agreement promoting shared responsibility and cooperative efforts among Parties in the international trade of certain hazardous chemicals, with the objective to contribute to their environmentally sound use and protect human health and the environment from potential harm.” - Fao.org. Rotterdam Convention | Pest and Pesticide Management | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations | IPM and Pesticide Risk Reduction | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (n.d.). https://www.fao.org/pest-and-pesticide-management/guidelines-standards/rotterdam-convention/en/
21The Statistics Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2022). The Sustainable Development Goals Extended Report 2022 - SDG 12. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2022/extended-report/Extended-Report_Goal-12.pdf
22 Ibid.
23The Statistics Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2022). The Sustainable Development Goals Extended Report 2022 - SDG 12. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2022/extended-report/Extended-Report_Goal-12.pdf
24The General and Commissioner Rosalie Peddle attend Ecumenical Service for COP26. The Salvation Army International - The General and Commissioner Rosalie Peddle Attend Ecumenical Service for COP26. (2021, November 9). https://www.salvationarmy.org/ihq/news/inb091121-general-commissioner-rosalie-peddle-attend-ecumenical-service-cop26
25 The environment. The Salvation Army. (n.d.). https://www.salvationarmy.org.uk/about-us/policies/environment
26SalvationArmy.ca. (2023, April 19). Take action to recognize Earth Month. The Salvation Army in Canada. https://salvationarmy.ca/blog/take-action-to-recognize-earth-month/
27 AGL Powers Salvation Army sites across Australia in new partnership. Electricity, Gas, Internet and Mobile. (2021, November 26). https://www.agl.com.au/about-agl/media-centre/asx-and-media-releases/2021/november/agl-powers-salvation-army-sites-across-australia-in-new-partners
28Salvation Army Spotlights Climate Action. The Salvation Army. (2021, November 25). https://www.salvationarmy.org.uk/news/salvation-army-spotlights-climate-action